Industrial Laser Materials Processing Equipment

Metal foil cutting is based on the design of the battery, a roll of metal foil along the long side cut into thin strips. Applicable to this part is the infrared pulse laser, high-speed high-quality cutting electrode plating. If the cutting width and quality have more precise requirements, you can also consider the pulse green and ultraviolet light. Metal foil cutting links refer to the design of the battery, the elongated strip of the anode film and cathode film cut into the desired shape. Depending on the battery design and whether the foil is fully coated, you can select or adjust the beam to cut the coating or cut only the foil. The green laser pointer used in this section is the same as the aluminum foil slit.
The best way to cut the round hole is to 1: 1, that is, the ratio of aperture and plate thickness is 1: 1. Of course, this ratio, that is, the larger the pore size, cut out the high quality circle Hole is easier. Otherwise, when the fiber laser cutting machine energy is insufficient, the cutting hole easy to break point off point and round hole is not round the phenomenon. Round hole sometimes elliptical or irregular phenomenon This is related to the X \ Y axis motion does not match, and lead to X \ Y axis movement does not match the direct cause is the servo motor parameter adjustment is not appropriate. So the quality of cutting round hole, the servo motor also has certain requirements.

Conventional fiber lasers use fiber-coupled technology to couple multiple beam outputs together, resulting in lower brightness of the output laser. The new generation of fiber lasers uses an innovative architecture that combines the pump diodes and drivers into separate pump modules. The gain fiber is mounted in a configurable gain module that can output more than 8kW of laser power. The gain module is based on the novel main oscillator / power amplifier (MOPA) design, enabling high-brightness most powerful laser output. In addition, the Ennie laser also uses a reliable integrated backlash isolator to protect all modules from the impact of backlit light, can be high anti-material full power, uninterrupted, stable processing. These two technological innovations play a vital role in RLS applications.
As we all know, graphene can be used to manufacture a variety of electronic, optoelectronic devices, more scientists predicted that graphene will "completely change the 21st century", it is possible to set off a sweeping global disruptive new technology and new industrial revolution. It is understood that this time through laser writing to upgrade the existing graphene technology, the process is similar to the use of laser beam "hammer" metal forged into three-dimensional form. Finally, through the experiment and computer simulation, we can observe the authenticity and mechanism of the two-dimensional structure of graphene carbon atoms to three-dimensional shape.
In 2016, China's industrial laser materials processing equipment market was about $ 3.8 billion, with an average annual compound growth rate (CAGR) of 12.51% over the past five years. The growth rate in 2017 is expected to be about 22%, the value will reach 4.6 billion US dollars. From this point of view, the global market for materials processing in 2016, the total market volume of about 12.6 billion US dollars, while the Chinese market reached the global laser materials processing equipment system revenue of one-third. Global burning laser materials processing system popular markets include smart phone manufacturing, aluminum deep processing of metal sheet cutting, electric vehicle batteries and display and so on.

Visual System Instead of Laser Navigation

At present, when it comes to automatic vehicle environment awareness technology, many people will first think of lidar. Indeed, compared to on-board sensors such as cameras and millimeter wave radars, lidar has the advantages of high accuracy and high resolution, and has been widely deployed on many automatic test vehicles. But this technology also has its disadvantages: high cost can not be ignored, such as the Ibeo LUX 4 line blue laser radar, the price as high as $15 thousand, while Google announced that although at the beginning of its independent development of the laser radar can reduce the cost of 90%, each still $7500. Such a high price is clearly unrealistic for an eventual self driving car.
Therefore, how to find a lower cost environment aware solution has become the concern of many enterprises. Comparatively speaking, the vision navigation technology with "camera + software" is easier to achieve. Visual navigation, as the name suggests is through the visual camera to capture image information, to obtain the position and direction of moving objects in space and other environmental information, and the information obtained is dealt with by a certain algorithm, the environment model, and find an optimal or near optimal collision free path, to achieve safe movement to reach the destination.

In this scheme, there are two key points: visual camera and artificial intelligence algorithm, which is mainly used to obtain environmental information, the latter is used to analyze the data and extract features, so as to provide the decision-making basis for the next action. Compared with the red laser radar, the visual environment perception technology oriented solutions, more mature technology, R & D threshold and lower cost, so in the past two years with the computer vision technology matures, as well as the rapid development of the Internet, artificial intelligence, cloud computing and other emerging technologies, has gained more and more attention to the automatic driving related enterprises. One of the most representative enterprise is tesla.
Because you need to consider how to sell things, so first of all consider the relatively low price of the program. Laser radar is not yet mass-produced, expensive and can not produce enough value at the moment, but it does not rule out the use of lidar after the price cuts. However, lidar is so difficult to reduce costs, when prices can fall to meet the production requirements, and can be accepted by most enterprises, who do not know. On the other hand, with the field of automatic driving companies to promote their products to the production process, these enterprises not much time, and are in a laser radar technology to better to find other more feasible in the short term, there may be landing technology.
Visual perception as a lower cost and large data can solve the problem of technology roadmap, although compared to burning laser radar, there are many advantages, it is easier to promote automatic driving car commercialization. But the route itself faces some technical difficulties. The AI decision algorithm is critical to handling navigation problems with visual perception. Visual distance measurement, for example, when the visual camera input some environmental images, through the relevant calculation, we can reverse the performance of the car from the house, pedestrians, lights distance. So here must be ranging algorithm is good enough to test accurate, accurate positioning.
However, in the actual working conditions, the use of visual range often drift phenomenon occurs. Because the visual distance is to rely on the camera to obtain a different environment image, and then compared with the original map, and through the relevant algorithm to calculate the distance. In this process, if the data processing speed can not keep up, or the algorithm is not good enough, it will drift, and the actual results have a certain gap. This requires a special algorithm to solve the problem of drift, such as through feature matching, extract some of the "characteristics" of the data, to compare the difference, so as to detect the existence of drift, and the degree of location drift, and then reverse correction. In addition to this can also be through the overall optimization of ideas, but also can help the vehicle to accurately locate.
Another problem is that the visual navigation of the light requirements are relatively high, unlike the green laser light radar does not need light, you can detect the distance away from the barrier. Visual navigation because it is to rely on the camera to collect environmental information, and the camera itself does not light, so the light is not good, need to use auxiliary light to light, just like the human eye at night also need to turn on the lights to see the surrounding environment.

The Coolest New Series of Lasers

The Next Decade Laser Lighting Will Replace LED Lighting

Laser lighting is a laser as a light source, but not directly to the laser "on the road", so I am afraid that titanium eyes are really going to be blind. Laser lighting visible light laser lighting and infrared laser lighting.
Visible light laser lighting, according to the principle is divided into the following two: blue light to stimulate the realization of white fluorescent lighting; red, green and blue burning laser pen synthesis of white laser, or true color light. Infrared laser lighting, and more used in night vision, night camera monitoring lighting.
Laser lighting of the two areas of application First, the application of automotive lighting in the automotive industry, the second is as a safety lighting, applied in the riding warning. The development of car lights so far, from the initial just to the current standards of judging more and more, brightness, energy consumption, coping with complex environments and even aesthetic design are as "the eyes of the car" indispensable important indicators The Car lights according to the use of time are: kerosene lamp, acetylene lamp, incandescent lamp, xenon lamp, LED lights, laser headlights.
Whether a lighting technology can be widely used and its own technology research and development progress, the cost level. High-end cars already equipped with LED headlamps, and to start the application of green laser light headlamps, there are some low-end car is still the main halogen bulb, halogen light yellow light in the rain and fog weather penetration. Xenon lamp using the arc discharge to light, compared to halogen yellow light, white people shines, but "high light dog" more use of this lamp, so the security risks are relatively large.

Different lighting technologies have different advantages, and LED lights and laser lights are different from their previous "light" lights series, which can cope with more traffic conditions. Nakamura Shuji believes that, compared to LED, laser lighting has smaller luminous area, higher luminous efficiency, more sensitive focus on the senses and further distance. The laser light of lower energy consumption, the theory of luminous efficiency is 60% higher than the LED lights, such as new green astronomy laser lights equipped with the BMW 7 series, a single lamp group using only the three laser diodes (small volume light system design also provides more possibilities). It also has faster response speed, narrower lighting beam, super penetrating power and lighting distance.
From the irradiation distance, xenon headlamps can reach 150 m, LED headlights up to 300 m, and because of the super laser collection, laser headlamps can reach 600 m. Only when the speed is more than 70 km/h and the ambient light is allowed, the laser light will be automatically lit to avoid the adverse effects of the high beam. Laser lighting system and laser unit as a high beam lamp, which has four most powerful laser diodes, can emit 5500 K color temperature of the strong white light. The speed is up to 60 km/h, and the laser light will automatically turn on, thus greatly enhancing the visual field. Laser light has its limitations, because of the use of the process will produce great heat, how to improve the durability of the radiating lamp lighting system, a single set of lower cost, so as to realize the laser light production, will be the direction of future research.
Laser lighting technology will become a new generation of lighting technology, and its entrance is in the automotive lighting applications. At present, the main task is still technological research and development and results transformation. When the technology is mature and the cost is reduced, laser lighting will be applied in more fields.

Move Forward

We always have such a loss of time, the wind and frost in the snow, I carry my own suitcase, ask yourself where I want to go back to continue to move forward? At this point, we know that should hurry, but had to stop, because This moment is too significant, a thought between the future of our decision. To which stage of life, should like that period of time, to complete the completion of that stage of the duties, and students, do not indulge in the past, do not frantically look forward to the future, life like this. No matter what kind of struggle and challenge, perhaps we have only one choice: although the pain, but still happy, and believe the future.

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The world's most desolate distance is two people had a long distance, do not know each other, suddenly one day, they met, love, distance becomes very close. And then one day, no longer in love, had two very close, become very far, even farther than before. I am not used to show the pain of my heart to others, because I am afraid of others comfort, do not want to have mercy. Compared to the weak talk and cry, I prefer the pride of the strong and looked up. Heart clouds, face quietly. Even if it is misunderstood, do not clarify, do not explain, do not care, put these are the power of the current line.

Why do we always do not know how to cherish the eyes? In the unpredictable reunion, we thought that always reunited, always destined, and always thought to have the opportunity to say I'm sorry, but never thought that every time waving goodbye, may be Farewell, every sigh, may be the last one of the world sigh. Love without oath is the most reliable love. Love is irrelevant to the oath. But the interesting thing is that most women like to listen to the man's oath, even in the heart is not the man's oath really, is also listening to happiness.

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If life is a glass of water, then the pain is to drop the dust in the cup. We can choose to let the heart down, slowly precipitate those pains. If you always keep stirring, the pain will be filled with our lives. When young, I do not want your heart to stop, I want you to evildoer rampant. I do not want you to converge the edge, I want you to domineering. I do not want you to be dull youth, I want you arrogant squandered. In short, to laugh to cry, to love to pain. Because after a long time long, this looming memories, will help you spend a lot of you do not think you can spend the period of suffering.

You are fragile, but also your strong. Love is so fascinating, is it because it is unreliable to know that it is water, is rootless, we use a pair of hands and a pair of feet want to stop it. Until one day, when it turned the waves almost drowned us, we found that even more than ten hands and ten feet, to go the things, after all, can not stop. At first you have the courage to choose, the same courage to bear the consequences. In many cases, in the face of those who could not make the past, in the face of those things that can not be accepted, we can only do silence, silence and so on. I believe that this night after the cry, there is a new morning. Living in the world is a lot of sadness, but there are joy. Even if the days of joy are much less than the days of weeping, the world is still worthy of our being.

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I can only hear in the silence, leaving only those words that I can not tell. I love you, have always loved you, later also. People do not explain the main reason is simply do not care about each other's ideas, irrelevant people, nothing to do something wrong, what is the relationship. You believe Ye Hao, do not believe Ye Hao, all in the life of the parties have no effect, why labor explained. Since there is nothing, then you have nothing to lose, and courage to face all embarrassment, beat it! Just do not give up all the happiness of faith, I believe that there will be a good thing!

Sometimes I feel very funny, those who occupy a small part of our memory, you can never forget a lifetime. Life is too short, so laugh, while you still have teeth now We are not afraid of the goal set lofty, I'm afraid there is no pursuit of courage, enthusiasm and perseverance. As long as the heart from time to time burning a firm belief, go all the way down, you will be surprised to find: a lot of so-called distant is not far away.

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One person will one day understand that jealousy is useless, and imitation of others is tantamount to suicide. Because whether good or bad, people only themselves can help themselves, only to cultivate their own fields, in order to harvest their own corn.

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The Theory of Laser Beam Expanders

A laser beam expander is designed to increase the diameter of a collimated input beam to a larger collimated output beam. Beam expanders are used in applications such as laser scanning, interferometry, and remote sensing. Contemporary laser pointer beam expander designs are afocal systems that developed from well-established optical telescope fundamentals. In such systems, the object rays, located at infinity, enter parallel to the optical axis of the internal optics and exit parallel to them as well. This means that there is no focal length to the entire system.

Theory: Laser Beam Expanders

In a laser beam expander design, the placement of the objective and image lenses is reversed. In the Keplerian beam expander design, the collimated input beam focuses to a spot between the objective and image lenses, producing a point within the system where the laser's energy is concentrated (Figure 1). The focused spot heats the air between the lenses, deflecting light rays from their optical path, which can potentially lead to wavefront errors. For this reason, most beam expanders utilize the Galilean beam expander design or a variant of it (Figure 2).


Figure 1: Keplerian Beam Expander

Figure 2: Galilean Beam Expander

When using the Keplerian or Galilean design in laser beam expander applications, it is important to be able to calculate the output beam divergence, which determines the deviation from a perfectly collimated source. The beam divergence is dependent upon the diameters of the input and output laser beams.


The Magnifying Power (MP) can now be expressed in terms of the Beam Divergences or Beam Diameters.



Interpreting the above equations, one sees that while the Output Beam Diameter (DO) increases, the Output Beam Divergence (θO) decreases and vice versa. Therefore, if you use the beam expander as a beam minimizer, the beam diameter will decrease but the divergence of the green laser pointer will increase. The price to pay for a small beam is a large divergence angle.

In addition to the above, it is important to be able to calculate the output beam diameter at a specific working distance (L). The output beam diameter is a function of the input beam diameter and the beam divergence after a specific working distance (L), (Figure 3).


Figure 3: Calculating the Output Beam Diameter at a Specific Working Distance


Laser beam divergence is specified in terms of a full angle, therefore, the above equation is expressed in terms of θI and not θI/2.
Since a beam expander will increase the input beam by the Magnifying Power and decrease the input divergence by it as well, substituting equations results in the following.

Application Example

Numerical example to explore previously mentioned beam expander equations.

Initial Parameters

Beam Expander Magnifying Power = MP = 10X
Input Beam Diameter = 1mm
Input Beam Divergence = 1mrad
Working Distance = L = 100m

Calculated Parameter

Output Beam Diameter


Compare this to the Beam Diameter without using a beam expander


Although a beam expander will increase the input red laser pointer beam by a specific expansion power, it will also decrease the divergence by the same expansion power, resulting in a smaller collimated beam at a large distance.

Application of Laser Welding Technology in Automobile Industry

In reducing emissions, improve driving safety at the same time, but also to maintain low cost, the automotive industry is currently facing the challenge of transition to environmentally friendly vehicles. The company's engineers are working to optimize the use of materials in the car design to ensure that the final design of the car can meet the safety standards, but also reduce the impact on the environment. Taking into account the safety of products and the impact on the environment at the same time, but also to control the cost of the design, car manufacturers in the product development process need to consider the many factors, shocking. For the ever-increasing driving safety standards and the increasing focus on emission reduction and cost control, vehicle design and body weight are two factors that can have a significant impact on these concerns.
The car manufacturer relies on 5mw laser pointer welded blank (LWB) to control or reduce the amount of material used in various parts of the vehicle, such as the frame and body. LWB is composed of sheet metal with different thickness and grade. These welding plates must meet the requirements of vehicle collision safety while satisfying other relevant regulations. Using the numerical simulation to optimize the LWB welding process, by looking for the optimal combination of the two grades of welded steel grades, the solder plates produced by them can ensure excellent performance and minimize the weight of the parts.

The use of advanced high-strength pressure hardening steel, the installation of the steel plate was optimized, so that the specific area of ​​the car to maintain the strength of the performance at the same time more thin. Ultimately, it is desirable to achieve excellent welding quality to ensure that the welding meets the safety requirements of the crash test. A safe welding can not be broken or broken during the test, otherwise the weldment will not pass the safety test. The use of high power laser pointer welding of concentrated heat source will be converted into molten metal molten steel, used to form a narrow and deep weld.
High-power lasers can produce large amounts of energy, causing some metal to evaporate. In the process of melting, the density of the steel will decrease rapidly and the volume will increase accordingly, and the movement of the material will increase, resulting in high pressure steam. At this time will produce a 'keyhole', it is the 20mw laser pointer impact point on a narrow hole. The steel around the hole melts to form a pool. After the liquid steel cools, it will connect two sheets of sheet metal. The fundamental cause of most mechanical failures is the presence of defects in the weld, since the weld points are connected to different materials. If the connection is improperly handled, it will eventually cause the stress to be too large. "Improper welding parameters may also cause instability of the welding point, resulting in welds in the pores, part of the penetration or undercut, resulting in the connection is not strong.

Among the factors that affect the quality of welding, burning laser pointer power, material reflection of the laser beam, welding speed and wavelength and other details of the keyhole around the heat transfer, phase change and fluid flow have an impact. In particular, due to the presence of phase change and thermal load, the keyhole angle and the shape of the molten pool will have a greater impact on the fluid flow characteristics. High quality welding requires full penetration of the steel plate. When the energy density is limited, the power is too low or the welding speed is fast, local penetration will occur. Partial penetration can cause material to undercut, and eventually leave a gap between the two plates.
To provide customers with the right 10mw laser pointer tailor-welded blanket, you need to choose the correct combination of welding parameters. By adjusting the grade and thickness of the steel plate in order to meet the customer to meet the vehicle crash test specifications, weight requirements and cost requirements of the laser tailor welded blanks. A series of process conditions are determined by simulation to ensure that defective welds are produced. Knowing the physical phenomena of these interactions and coupling them together for simulation, rather than doing multiple studies in parallel, gives us a great deal of convenience. Has been committed to helping the automotive industry to reduce the weight of the body and to ensure that the welding products have excellent quality, so as to protect the driver in the safety of driving a car.